The Spiritual and Physical Dimensions in The Birthmark Essay

The Spiritual and Physical Dimensions in The Birthmark Fred Allen Wolf notes in Taking the Quantum Leap that it was not until the 20th century that scientists realized that â€Å"to observe is to disturb, for observation breaks the wholeness of nature.† If observing disturbs, then when a scientist tampers and tries to perfect nature the result can only be disastrous. The goal of most scientists is to observe and understand the mysteries of nature. Nathaniel Hawthorne realized that the scientists of the 19th century were beginning to challenge the traditional views of science and man. The traditional view of man holds that man is both material and spiritual. Advancements in science led some scientists to begin to think that man was only†¦show more content†¦This is evidenced when the narrator makes reference to the fact that Aylmer â€Å"had studied the wonders of the human frame, and attempted to fathom the very process by which Nature assimilates all her precious influences from earth and air,† (2). Aylmer did not want to accept the reality that there was a mystery of life that was beyond our understanding and ability to manipulate. According to the narrator, â€Å"Aylmer had long laid aside in unwilling recognition of the truth† that â€Å"our great creative Mother, while she amuses us with apparently working in the broadest sunshine, is careful to keep her own secrets,† (2). He laid aside the reality of the real spiritual world that lies beyond the grasp of man because he was unwilling to face his own limitations as a man and scientist. As he embarked on his plan to perfect Georgiana, he continued to lay aside the truth because the truth lay in â€Å"the path of his proposed scheme for the treatment of Georgiana,† (2). William E. Grant comments that Aylmer â€Å"is the archetype for all Hawthorne’s scientists, since he represents both what is best and what is worst about all of them,† (3). His goal was honorable, that is to rid Georgiana of her defect, hi s denial of the truth, that his abilities were in fact limited, was his downfall. It isn’t till later, that we see a glimpse that he has begun to recognize his limitations as he faces the reality of a real and powerful spiritual world.Show MoreRelatedThe Tell Tale Heart And The Birth Mark Only A Couple Of Months Apart1428 Words   |  6 Pagespersonal account of a young man’s descent into madness as he becomes increasingly fixated on the eye of an older man, presumably his father. Similarly, The Birth-Mark narrates the story of a young couple, Aylmer and Georgiana, and how the latter’s birthmark becomes the obsession of the former. Poe and Hawthorne’s literary genre of Dark Romanticism opposes human perfectibility, and both writers employ symbolism, irony, similar characters and plot to convey the theme that obsessions will inevitably leadRead More Essay on the Woman Protagonist in The Birthmark1856 Words   |  8 PagesWoman Protagonist in â€Å"The B irthmark†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, â€Å"The Birthmark,† the reader finds an excellent example of a woman who is so superior to her male counterpart that she has to be labeled the protagonist of the tale. This essay will demonstrate why this designation is deserved by the female character, Georgiana.    In the opening paragraph of â€Å"The Birthmark† the narrator introduces Aylmer as a scientist whose love for Georgiana is â€Å"more attractiveRead MorePeace and Granduer in The Romantic Temper775 Words   |  3 Pages Seeing past the flawed, faith in possibilities and insistence on equal opportunities for all defined the Romantic’s outlook and attitude. With sights firmly set on the wonders of another dimension, The Romantic Temper is filled with thoughts of peace and grandeur. The ability to imagine and fantasize is what allowed for the Romantic man to flourish, even the most turbulent times. In the mid-century the Romantic artists in America experienced their nation’s capital burned to the ground, the panicRead More The Psychological Dimension of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Birthmark3161 Words   |  13 PagesThe Psychological Dimension of â€Å"The Birthmark†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay will analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Birthmark† in order to demonstrate that it is a â€Å"psychological† short story both in its themes and in its emphasis on the moral-psychological aspect of the main characters. There is probably unanimity among literary critics that Hawthorne is a â€Å"psychological† writer. Consider some of their statements chosen at random from various critiques of Hawthorne’s literary works: StanleyRead MoreThe Birthmark: A Psychological Short Story Essay3606 Words   |  15 Pagesâ€Å"The Birthmark† Is a Psychological Story  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   The psychological dimension of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s writing, typical of his best short stories, is well demonstrated in his tale â€Å"The Birthmark.†    Frederick C. Crews in â€Å"The Logic of Compulsion in ‘Roger Malvin’s Burial’† explores the psychological drama that prevails in Hawthorne’s short stories:    . . . I chose this one tale to analyze because it illustrates the indispensability, and I should even say the priorityRead MoreCase Study About Pneumonia10478 Words   |  42 Pagescondition, together with her spiritual aspect as evidenced by seldomly praying and attending the weekly mass upon interview even PTA. | 21 Nursing Problems | Faye Glenn Abdellah | â€Å"Although Abdellah spoke of the patient-centered approaches, she wrote of nurses identifying and solving specific problems. This identification and classification of problems was called the typology of 21 nursing problems. Abdellah’s typology was divided into three areas: (1) the physical, sociological, and emotional needs

Unjustness in The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay example

In The Crucible by Arthur Miller, unjustness is displayed constantly throughout the play, when innocent men and women are accused of witchcraft in the town of Salem during the 1690s. Chaos and havoc erupt in this small town during the times of the trials, causing many prominent men and women to be wrongly accused of practicing witchcraft. In particular, John Procter, a well respected leader in the town of Salem, soon becomes entangled in the Salem witch trials, when his wife Elizabeth and many other women of the town are accused of witchcraft by Abigail Williams, his former mistress. Unlike other characters in the story, Procters personality can be seen gradually changing throughout the course of the play, because of the events that†¦show more content†¦This is because he is intolerant of the sins he has committed. Even though John willingly commits adultery with Abigail, he does not want to acknowledge his sin. He tells Abigail that â€Å"[he] may think of [her] soft ly from time to time,† but that he would rather â€Å"cut off [his] hand† before ever reaching for her again. He then proceeds to tell her that â€Å"[they] never touched. (23).† Johns speech to Abigail shows that although John knows he commits adultery, he does not want to admit to it because he is ashamed of himself. John does not want his relationship with his wife Elizabeth or the town of Salem to be tainted by the sins he has committed. Initially, after John Proctors affair with Abigail Williams, he struggles to maintain a strong relationship with his wife. For example, at the beginning of act two, when John comes home to his wife, he tastes the food in the pot and is â€Å"not quite pleased,† with the flavor, and decides to add a pinch of salt (49). John Procters actions shows that he is not satisfied with the relationship between him and his wife. Although Proctor loves Elizabeth, he uses Abigail as his â€Å"seasoning† in order to satisfy his sexual desires. In addition to the lack of satisfaction in their relationship, Elizabeth Proctor also does not trust John, because of the act of adultery he committed with Abigail. In the beginning of act two, as Proctor comes

African Renaissance Free Essays

string(198) " broad spectrum of actors, from â€Å"politicians and policy-makers, to businessmen and scholars† \(Vale and Masses 1998: 273\) – it is almost impossible for the term to lose its gist\." Introduction l. African Renaissance: A Resurrection The theory of an African Renaissance has captured the interests of a number of intellectuals, reporters and politicians. In South Africa, where the concept has come to be closely identified with the political perceptions of former President Taboo Imbibe, it has been received as a proposal for â€Å"African political renewal and economic regeneration† (July, 2001 : 87). We will write a custom essay sample on African Renaissance or any similar topic only for you Order Now The concept can thus be viewed as a â€Å"rebirth†; a resurrection-since it has inspired policies to address the socio-economic fallouts of apartheid. The thought, Mallow (2001:1) contends, is a dominant trait in the â€Å"outlook f the African National Congress (NC)-led government†, and has been embraced as a â€Å"key component of its ideological outlook, especially as this pertains to international matters† (Mallow, 2001:1). The view is a significant theme in the organization’s policy quest, and an exclusive ‘African Renaissance Fund’, Mallow (2001:2) confirms, was vested as part of this course. According to the Strategic Plan published by the Department of Foreign Affairs in 2004, the principles that underpin South Africans foreign policy include, commitments to the promotion of Human Rights and necromancy; to Justice and International Law in the conduct of relations between nations; to international peace and intentionally agreed-upon mechanisms for resolving conflict; to promoting the interests of Africa in world affairs; and to economic development through regional and international cooperat ion in an interdependent and globalizes world† (Nathan, 2005:366). II. Post-1994 NC-led government policies/actors In general, policy is expressed as a broad interpretation for â€Å"desired state of affairs† entailing â€Å"specific decisions† occasionally in a â€Å"rational sequence† (Nikkei, van deer Wald and Junker 2001:87). The author reasons that the term can be used in several ways, and involves â€Å"action as well as inaction† (Nikkei, van deer Wald and Junker 2001:87). An exceptionally good policy is a device that â€Å"makes organization easier† (University of Sydney, 2012), and permits the public to associate with the government’s core principles more adequately. Nikkei, van deer Wald and Junker (2001:87) distinguish between three extensive classes of policy, namely â€Å"domestic, foreign and defense policies†. Nevertheless, the African Renaissance has been listed by several intellectuals, like Assiduously (2008: 110) as a â€Å"foreign-policy tragedy’ (Assiduously, 2008: 110). The concept is a â€Å"South African emerging foreign policy doctrine† encompassing a â€Å"set of foreign policy goals and domestic styles, and politics entrenched in a set of political, social and economic relation† (BÃ'Ëœsheer and van Amerce 2005: 179). The Department of Foreign Affairs (2008), notes that South Africans policy initiatives should be modest and not overly ambitious. A reactive policy is inappropriate. The country policies-both domestic and international level- in essence map out to ensure â€Å"peace, democracy, respect for human rights and sustained development† (Department Of Foreign Affairs, 2008). A range of principal policy actors â€Å"exercise varying degrees of influence to shape the outcomes of these processes† (Raptor, 2004: 3). Among these actors are â€Å"formal state institutions such as the ruling party, opposition parties, the legislature, portfolio committees and individual members of provincial legislatures. There are also external, non-state policy actors and institutions such as organized interest groups, the media, independent consultants, non-governmental organizations and ordinary citizens† (Raptor, 2004:4). Examples include â€Å"the modern social movement, Anti- Appropriation Forum (APE); the Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDEAS)† amongst the many. These organizations, posits Ranchos (2007:5) have emerged as â€Å"very strong and vociferous organizations† who bid to shape and impact the state and its operations (Ranchos 2007:7) Integrating Post-Apartheid South Africa into the African Economy The report further comments that the NC-led political framework and â€Å"methods of formal engagement made for new opportunities and challenges† (Ranchos 2007:13). Bassoon (1991: 5) declares that â€Å"post-apartheid South Africa must be able to release more resources for reinvestment in the economy to revivalist it and for dealing with social problems† (Bassoon, 1991: 5). This challenge calls for â€Å"re-modeling† existing organizations to admit a â€Å"new’ South Africa. Cooperation has been an essential tool in strengthening the newly -emerged economy, and efficient in â€Å"gradually and steadily leading to the integration of the economy with the harmonistic of currencies, financial systems, and infrastructure† (Bassoon 1991: 9) The political process has deviated from a â€Å"regime of confrontation to a regime of negotiation†, asserts Bassoon (1991:12). In addressing the problems underlying the country political, social and economic spectrum, policy response required a unified participation in eradicating and transforming the then white-rule racist and undemocratic Constitution, and implementing an effective representative political governing structure (African National Congress, 2011) African Renaissance in Historical Perspective BÃ'Ëœsheer and van Amerce (2005: 162) consider that the African Renaissance perception has a rigid heritage that traces back in the History of the African continent. They describe events like the â€Å"rebellion of slaves in the ‘new world order’ n the late eighteenth century’ as interpreted by Manage (2001), and other comparable events, were the early basic â€Å"breeding grounds for pan-Africans†, a term that is largely supposed as an influential â€Å"predecessor of, and source of inspiration for African Renaissance. (Lundeberg ; Hellhole 1999; BÃ'Ëœsheer and van Amerce 2005: 162) BÃ'Ëœsheer and van Amerce (2005: 166) remarks that even though the pan-Africans objective shrunk quickly after being introduced, Julius Anywhere’s image of a â€Å"United States of Africa† integrated by boundaries and united by a common language of prosperity, perished and has been kept awake by â€Å"many represents of Africans development† (BÃ'Ëœsheer and van Amerce (2005: 167) What started centuries ago in the form of â€Å"African uprisings† is â€Å"reflected in the present day struggle of the African con tinent to overcome hardships such as ‘unstable political systems’; ‘predatory elites’; a high ‘international debt burden’ and unfavorable international trade regimes† (BÃ'Ëœsheer and van Amerce (2005: 171). The present-day use of the African Renaissance approach was pronounced foremost by former South African President, Taboo Imbibe, and is broadly understood as a ‘resurrection’ of the African continent, as it stimulated Africans to seek â€Å"African lotions for African problems† BÃ'Ëœsheer and van Amerce (2005: 172). It focuses on concerns like â€Å"regional cooperation, the emancipation of disadvantaged groups, sustainable economic development and the deepening and sustenance of democracy’ (BÃ'Ëœsheer and van Amerce (2005: 173). My African Experience, My African Renaissance What does the African Renaissance notion in its current state encompass? Components of the concept, Vale and Masses (1998: 272) suggest, are intentionally kept unclear, so as to â€Å"create space for embroiling people for championing the AR concept† (Vale and Masses 1998: 272), because it is utilized by a broad spectrum of actors, from â€Å"politicians and policy-makers, to businessmen and scholars† (Vale and Masses 1998: 273) – it is almost impossible for the term to lose its gist. You read "African Renaissance" in category "Papers" Vale and Masses (1998: 273) observe that the â€Å"visionary language of the African Renaissance was understood by five suggested areas of engagement: the encouragement of cultural exchange; the ’emancipation of African woman from patriarchy; the manipulation of youth; the broadening, deepening and sustenance of democracy; and the initiation of sustainable economic development† (Vale and Masses 1998: 273; BÃ'Ëœsheer and van Amerce 2005: 179). Apart from unveiling the core themes of the theory, it is necessary to explore the scope of the concept in the contrasting views explored by Vale and Masses (1998: 278) in order to understand whether or not the development of the African Renaissance is really necessary for South Africa- both on domestic and foreign policy levels. The authors differentiate between two explicit views of South Africa in Africa: the â€Å"globalize interpretation†- which was â€Å"cast in the modernist tradition†, and embraces a modernist approach of globalization, with fair emphasis on appropriation, liberation’s and the sort. The second approach- â€Å"Africans approach†- adopts the African Renaissance to â€Å"unlock a series of complex social constructions† embodied around African status. The former suggests a â€Å"continental effort by South Africans† to attain â€Å"sustained economic growth and wealth accumulation†, the latter calls for a â€Å"more post-structural interpretation† of global affairs (Vale and Masses 1998: 278) The essence of South Africans African policy- motivated by Ember’s perception of Renaissance targets escalating South Africans strategic arrangements on the continent, which apart from establishing â€Å"good provenance† , also include â€Å"introducing new economic policies† that would ensure access to good education, adequate health care, decent houses, clean water and modern sanitation† (Taylor and Williams, 2001 : 269) Despite much criticism on the concept for having a driven vision but being nothing more than a â€Å"wish list†, the African Renaissance perspective is significant and necessary for South Africans, because it is an efficient tool for the nations’ ambitions toward s a peaceful, equal and democratic state from the appalling former white-rule government characterized by oppression and injustice. The theory has been relevant in re-building South Africans social, political and economic set-up, and has played a significant role in re-shaping South Africans role and recognition in international affairs. For example the country capacity and success in hosting the 2010 FIFE World Cup Just a few years ago, and the possibility of being the first African country to hold permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council (Taylor and Williams, 2001 : 269). It is the very same polices shaped by the AR theory behind the progress and political and socio-economic adjustments, noted by Mislabel (2011) to have purposed with â€Å"abolishing all forms of corruption and apartheid incompetence’. The post-1994 NC led government â€Å"adopted progressive policies that sought to ensure the economic advancement† of previously deprived social-classes and races. These policies comprise of â€Å"Transformation, BEE, employment equity, affirmative action, preferential procurement† (Mislabel, 2001). They are a monument of a â€Å"shining success of democracy’- as they have indeed promoted economic growth and human rights in the democratic South Africa. This, of course, is not to overlook the negative reality concerning dishonest practices that have gathered around policies like BEE. ‘I Am an African’: Contradictions and Inconsistencies The African renaissance is an inclusive concept, developed for on principles of equality and democracy for a united African society, and seeks to promote the dreams and ambitions of the African citizen irrespective of race, gender, ethnicity or religion. In â€Å"African Renaissance language†, and on the â€Å"Cosmopolitan and African image† projected in Ember’s ‘l am an African’ speech- who is an African? It is critical to explicitly spell-out what is meant by ‘African’, to examine the extent of African contribution in IR (Smith, 2008) â€Å"l know that none dare challenge me when I say- I am an African! † Taboo Imbibe. Africa is a diverse continent and â€Å"South Africa is experiencing an African Renaissance built on its diverse and fascinating cultural heritage† (South African Tourism, 2011). Consequently, these people’s â€Å"worldviews and insights will be equally diverse† (Ackermann). In a similar vein, â€Å"only if African insights are significantly different from the existing ‘R, will they make a worthwhile nutrition to the field† (Karen, 2008). An African to me is anybody and everybody who resembles the wealthy and ‘colorful mosaic’ spectrum that embraces the fabric’ of the African society. He needs to pride himself in the African culture and history- and reflect the â€Å"spirit of reconciliation and mutual respect† that penetrates the African society, and aid to â€Å"re-enforce the country pride in its multi-ethnic roots† (South African Tourism, 2011). Color doesn’t begin to own the rich concept- African. Simply put an African is an African. Undeniably, politics still runs across race nines in South Africa, but the common vision for a stable and democratic Africa, embodied in the African Renaissance policy can erase those lines, and assist in moving forward as a ‘trailside’ state built on policies that are inclusive and rooted in achieving equal opportunity for all. The policies that emanate from the African Renaissance objectives, I. E. BEE- refuted to favor only the black population- were formulated to fix the problems of the past which deprived certain groups of people (Mislabel 2001), and should be understood in not-so extremist meaner ‘exclusionary), because they were employed to ‘make right’ -to correct the country past apartheid fallouts. We have different but not contrasting cultures, and all seek a common goal: political, social and economic success. The AR policy was designed upon similar vision and objectives, and no doubt can contribute towards the advancement of the everyday ordinary South African. Conclusion â€Å"To succeed, South Africans African Renaissance will draw together widely divergent ideas on what it is to be African in the eve of the 21st century’ (Vale and Masses 1998: 280). This paper has dissected Ember’s sentiment of an African Renaissance as n African ‘resurrection’: South Africans policy for All Africans, All South Africans. It is up to every South African to realism the common platform of interests, and pursue a shared effort to ensure the profit of the African Renaissance policy, and translate its vision in a Just and equal democratic society without excluding the ‘African’-which is anyone and everybody. Cooperation is fundamental. Racial quarrels and conflicts are a good recipe for failure. Holding anger, I have come to realism, is no different to holding a sneeze- sooner than later you’re bound to get hurt. How to cite African Renaissance, Papers

Mobile Device Insecurities vulnerability - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about theMobile Device Insecurities vulnerability. Answer: This paper will discuss the insecurities and vulnerabilities involved in the mobile devices. Different benefits of the mobile devices will be discussed in the research. The current trend and statistics about the use of mobile devices and cyber-attacks will be provided in the study. The aim of the research is to identify various insecurities and vulnerabilities in the mobile devices. The objectives and research questions will be discussed in the study. Benefits and limitations of the mobile device technology will be provided in the research. The main problem of the discussed in the paper is insecurities and vulnerabilities of the mobile devices. Security risks and threats involved in the mobile devices have been identified in the research paper that might help in mitigating the risks in the mobile devices. However, there are two types of mobile data loss including physical loss and misuse of mobile applications. Mobile devices have been used almost by every individual on this planet. The use of mobile devices has been increased on a daily basis. There have been many evolutions in the technology of the mobile phones. In the last two decades, significant technology has been integrated into mobile phones in the market. The demand for mobile phones has become exponential in the global market (Barcena Wueest, 2015). These advances in the technologies have extended the virtual limits of organizations. The literature review will focus on the existing knowledge related to the mobile device risks and vulnerabilities. This research will follow the qualitative methodology and data collection method. Data will be collected from secondary sources including online journals, reports, books and government databases. Thematic analysis will be conducted to analyze the secondary data. The expected outcomes might fulfil the research objectives and questions initiated in the study. Structure of the Study Mobile securities have been the essential topic for research in present days. Various studies have been done on the insecurities and vulnerabilities of the mobile devices. Major vulnerabilities in the mobile devices include encrypting of data and information stored in the mobile device. Wireless technology used in the mobile device for transmission of data and signals have been creating major vulnerabilities to the mobile device. The paper will be structured in five different chapters including Introduction, Literature Review, Research Methodology, Data Findings and Analysis and Conclusion and Recommendations. This chapter discusses about the basic information about the insecurities and vulnerabilities in the mobile devices. This chapter will discusses about various information related ti the mobile devices vulnerabilities. Therefore, the aims and objectives of the research will be initiated in this chapter. The use of different knowledge about the mobile device insecurities will be discussed in this chapter. This chapter introduces the mobile devices insecurities and vulnerabilities in the market. This paper will focus on the cyber-attacks and other threats to mobile devices. This research will explain the impact of the threats and risks on the business organizations and mobile users in the market. There will be proper strategies recommended for mitigating these challenges in the context. This chapter refers to the literature review related to the mobile devices insecurities. This, chapter will follow the previous and existing theories related to the security in the mobile devices. This chapter will maintain a proper knowledge from by online books and journals over the market. The use of existing theory and models will help in maintaining the knowledge. The implementation of the information regarding the mobile devices insecurities have helped in identifying risks and threats. This research will identify the use of mobile phones in the organization and workplace. There will be the comparison among different brands of mobile phones in the market. This chapter will discuss about the methodology used in the study. The research will use the descriptive methodology in order to identify vulnerabilities and insecurities in the mobile devices. The research will select positivism philosophy for the study of the real facts of the mobile securities. There will be some limitations in the collection data from secondary sources. Different journals might be of a paid version that will not be accessed. Several journals will not be in the context of the mobile insecurities and vulnerabilities (Lewis, 2015). Therefore, these journals will not be taken for data collection technique. This research will follow all the ethical norms and values. Data and information used in the research will not be shared with anyone. This research will follow the Data Protection Act 1998 and personal information will not be shared with anyone (Flick, 2015). This chapter will discuss about the findings of data and its analysis. The research will collect data from secondary data sources including online journals, books, reports, articles and government databases. Various journals after the year 2012 will be taken for data collection, which will provide the latest information related to the mobile device insecurities and vulnerabilities (Mackey Gass, 2015). Data will be analyzed by using qualitative data analysis method. Three themes will be created based on the research objectives and research questions. Thematic analysis will help in analyzing the data collected from the online journals and government databases. This chapter will help in concluding the whole study. This chapter will focus on the findings of the research and help in linking with the objectives of the research. The use of various theories and models in the research will be analyzed. The data findings and outcomes will be thematically analyzed and the findings will be analyzed. There will be recommendations provided in the chapter that might help in mitigating the mobile devices insecurities and vulnerabilities. The future work in this research topic will be provided in the chapter. Research Aim, Objectives and Questions The aim of the research is to identify the insecurities and vulnerabilities in mobile devices. The objectives of the research are as follows: To identify the insecurities and vulnerabilities in mobile devices To analyze the impact of these vulnerabilities and insecurities on mobile users To recommend strategies for mitigating these challenges and vulnerabilities in mobile users The research questions are as follows: What are the insecurities and vulnerabilities in mobile devices? What is the impact of these vulnerabilities and insecurities on mobile users? How to mitigate these challenges and vulnerabilities in mobile users? References Ahmad, S., Haamid, A. L., Qazi, Z. A., Zhou, Z., Benson, T., Qazi, I. A. (2016, November). A view from the other side: Understanding mobile phone characteristics in the developing world. InProceedings of the 2016 Internet Measurement Conference(pp. 319-325). ACM. Barcena, M. B., Wueest, C. (2015). Insecurity in the Internet of Things.Security Response, Symantec. Do, Q., Martini, B., Choo, K. K. R. (2017). Is the data on your wearable device secure? An Android Wear smartwatch case study.Software: Practice and Experience,47(3), 391-403. Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Jadhav, S., Oh, T., Kim, Y. H., Kim, J. N. (2015, July). Mobile device penetration testing framework and platform for the mobile device security course. InAdvanced Communication Technology (ICACT), 2015 17th International Conference on(pp. 675-680). IEEE. Khan, J., Abbas, H., Al-Muhtadi, J. (2015). Survey on Mobile User's Data Privacy Threats and Defense Mechanisms.Procedia Computer Science,56, 376-383. Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.Health promotion practice,16(4), 473-475. Mackey, A., Gass, S. M. (2015).Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Raj, N., Bharti, P., Thakur, S. (2015, April). Vulnerabilities, challenges and threats in securing mobile ad-hoc network. InCommunication Systems and Network Technologies (CSNT), 2015 Fifth International Conference on(pp. 771-775). IEEE. Sinha, A. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 9,119,017. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons.